2013

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There are fewer postcards and hand-written notes today, but I don’t think anyone would argue against the idea that more people in the world are writing more in the Internet Age than at any moment in history. What we’re writing is largely bullshit, sure, but not all of it is. It’s really the full flowering of democracy, like it or not. From Walter Isaacson’s New York Times review of Clive Thompson’s glass-half-full tech book, Smarter Than You Think:

“Thompson also celebrates the fact that digital tools and networks are allowing us to share ideas with others as never before. It’s easy (and not altogether incorrect) to denigrate much of the blathering that occurs each day in blogs and tweets. But that misses a more significant phenomenon: the type of people who 50 years ago were likely to be sitting immobile in front of television sets all evening are now expressing their ideas, tailoring them for public consumption and getting feedback. This change is a cause for derision among intellectual sophisticates partly because they (we) have not noticed what a social transformation it represents. ‘Before the Internet came along, most people rarely wrote anything at all for pleasure or intellectual satisfaction after graduating from high school or college,’ Thompson notes. ‘This is something that’s particularly hard to grasp for professionals whose jobs require incessant writing, like academics, journalists, lawyers or marketers. For them, the act of writing and hashing out your ideas seems commonplace. But until the late 1990s, this simply wasn’t true of the average nonliterary person.'”

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A paragraph from Margaret Atwood’s New York Review of Books’ review of Dave Eggers’ The Circle about the malignant undercurrent of technotopia:

“Some will call The Circle a ‘dystopia,’ but there’s no sadistic slave-whipping tyranny on view in this imaginary America: indeed, much energy is expended on world betterment by its earnest denizens. Plagues are not raging, nor is the planet blowing up or even warming noticeably. Instead we are in the green and pleasant land of a satirical utopia for our times, where recycling and organics abound, people keep saying how much they like each another, and the brave new world of virtual sharing and caring breeds monsters.”

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Sometimes I think it’s odd that I’m interested in chess even though I have no desire to play the game myself. But I don’t want to play baseball and I like watching that game, too. I guess what I like best about chess is that there seems to be no way for a great player to lose, yet tiny margins exist and are capitalized on. The biggest match in a decade is upon us, as world champion Viswanathan Anand is set to meet Magnus Carlsen. The opening of a portrait of the former by James Crabtree in the Financial Times Magazine:

Sitting in his modest home in the southern Indian city of Chennai, Viswanathan Anand – five times world chess champion – is describing the psychological pressure that bears down on top-level chess players. ‘What happens to you at the board begins to feel like it’s happening to you in person,’ he says quietly, before pausing and frowning, as if reliving an especially gruelling game. ‘When you lose, you really feel a sense of self … You actually feel that you are being taken apart, rather than just your pieces.’

Such intense feelings creep in during major tournaments, where many elite performers do battle. But at the very pinnacle of the game, in a world championship match, just two combatants grapple for the slenderest advantage in a brutal duel for supremacy. ‘A [world title] match has that feeling much more strongly because it’s the same guy doing it over and over and over … When you play a single person, it becomes narrower because you are so focused on each other. It is a lot more personal.’

Next week, Anand, or ‘Vishy’ as he is known, will walk out on to a stage at Chennai’s Hyatt hotel to defend his world title. It should be a triumphant homecoming. Anand is widely acknowledged as one of the true greats of the modern game, competing to retain his crown in the city where he learnt to play as a child. The match will be front-page news, reflecting his position as one of India’s few world-beating sportsmen. Yet, rather than starting as favourite, their champion will begin as the overwhelming underdog, reflecting the formidable reputation of his youthful opponent – Norway’s 22-year-old prodigy Magnus Carlsen.

The forthcoming contest will be Carlsen’s first stab at the title, making the 12-game match arguably the most anticipated chess event in more than a decade.”

 

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Baseball, it is thought, doesn’t attract athletes from poorer backgrounds into college programs because it isn’t a popular TV sport on an amateur level and can’t offer full scholarships to very many players. College basketball and football make tons of TV loot and can provide full scholarships, so conventional wisdom says children of poverty with great athletic skill gravitate to them. Except maybe poverty is too much of an impediment for all but a few outliers. From Seth Stephens-Davidowitz in the New York Times:

AS the N.B.A. season gets under way, there is no doubt that the league’s best player is 6-foot-8 LeBron James, of the Miami Heat. Mr. James was born poor to a 16-year-old single mother in Akron, Ohio. The conventional wisdom is that his background is typical for an N.B.A. player. A majority of Americans, Google consumer survey data show, think that the N.B.A. is composed mostly of men like Mr. James. But it isn’t.

I recently calculated the probability of reaching the N.B.A., by race, in every county in the United States. I got data on births from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; data on basketball players from basketball-reference.com; and per capita income from the census. The results? Growing up in a wealthier neighborhood is a major, positive predictor of reaching the N.B.A. for both black and white men. Is this driven by sons of N.B.A. players like the Warriors’ brilliant Stephen Curry? Nope. Take them out and the result is similar.”

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Piers Morgan: An intellectual, by CNN standards.

Piers Morgan: An intellectual, by CNN standards.

 

The Top 5 foreign countries sending traffic to Afflictor last month:

  1. Great Britain
  2. Canada
  3. Germany
  4. France
  5. Sweden

There’s a Warholian triumph in Norway called “Slow TV,” which is sort of a long-form staring contest, except that viewers spend eight or so hours staring at real-time knitting contests and train trips. Rights have been purchased by American producers, though no one knows yet if this antidote to instant gratification will translate. From Nancy Tartaglione at Deadline.com:

“Knit one, purl … eight-plus hours of live stitching? That’s what’s happening tonight on Norwegian public broadcaster NRK2 as folks around the country gather in viewing parties. The show is part of a phenomenon known as Slow TV which has increasingly captivated Norway. The overall gist of the concept, to which LMNO Productions recently acquired U.S. rights, is a hybrid of unhurried documentary coupled with hours and hours of continuous coverage provided by fixed cameras trained on a subject or an event. Prior to tonight, those have included a 7.5-hour train journey, a 134-hour coastal cruise, a stack of firewood and salmon. Tonight, NRK2 will turn its lens on National Knitting Evening. Four hours of discussion on the popular pastime will kick off at 8 PM local, before a sheep gets trotted out at midnight to be sheared and its wool spun into yarn.”

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Colbert celebrates Slow TV:

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"Dead pets appreciated."

“Donations of deceased pets appreciated.”

DONATIONS WANTED: skull & wet preserve collector (Woodstock, NY)

Seeking donations for skull and wet preserve collector with interest in comparative anatomy. Not so interested in taxidermy mounts, but anything else may be of interest.

Locations of roadkill within the area or donations of deceased pets appreciated. Unfortunately not looking to buy due to lack of funds.

Because Bill Gates has only done three million interviews thus far in his life, the Financial Times’ headline writers thought they should label the paper’s new dialogue with him as “exclusive.” The crux of the discussion is an interesting one: Is it more important to give poor people access to the Internet or give them malaria medicine. If you have malaria, it’s a pretty easy choice. But I do think providing information where there is little empowers people. Sure, food, water and medicine first, but then let’s share the Internet. From Richard Waters “exclusive”:

“There is no getting round the fact, however, that Gates often sounds at odds with the new generation of billionaire technocrats. He was the first to imagine that computing could seep into everyday life, with the Microsoft mission to put a PC on every desk and in every home. But while others talk up the world-changing power of the internet, he is under no illusions that it will do much to improve the lives of the world’s poorest.

‘Innovation is a good thing. The human condition – put aside bioterrorism and a few footnotes – is improving because of innovation,’ he says. But while ­’technology’s amazing, it doesn’t get down to the people most in need in anything near the timeframe we should want it to.’

It was an argument he says he made to Thomas Friedman as The New York Times columnist was writing his 2005 book, The World is Flat, a work that came to define the almost end-of-history optimism that accompanied the entry of China and India into the global labour markets, a transition aided by the internet revolution. ‘Fine, go to those Bangalore Infosys centres, but just for the hell of it go three miles aside and go look at the guy living with no toilet, no running water,’ Gates says now. ‘The world is not flat and PCs are not, in the hierarchy of human needs, in the first five rungs.’ “

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10 search-engine keyphrases bringing traffic to Afflictor this week:

  1. steve mcqueen 2011 film shame
  2. where did bat masterson die and how?
  3. will we be able put computers inside of living cells?
  4. is buzz bissinger into s&m?
  5. who makes up names for products?
  6. who will be the next steve jobs?
  7. can you print a car?
  8. is peggy noonan full of shit?
  9. are there too many forests and trees?
  10. john lecarre interview from the 1960s
Afflictor: Thinking runners in the NYC marathon without health insurance better not collapse this year.

Afflictor: Thinking runners in the NYC marathon without health insurance better not collapse this year.

Ugh.

Ugh.

Don't worry. I'll quickly sign you up for Obamacare.

Don’t worry. I’ll quickly sign you up for Obamacare.

HOLY FUCK!

HOLY FUCK!

  • Big Data treats questions as if they are answers.
  • Lou Reed, may he rest in peace, once wore a virtual-reality helmet.
  • Brandon Bryant was one of the first recruits in the world of push-button war.
  • Michael Reynolds builds off-the-grid, self-sustaining “Earthships.”

mmmmm

In a world of centralized media, critics were given too much importance. In a time of algorithms, they’ve been reduced. No one waits for the “emperor” to offer a thumbs up or down anymore; the spectators do it themselves. Even TV critics, who’ve rode to new prominence thanks to a wave of popular shows and binge-watching Americans gripping tablets and smartphones, have very little real impact. From a New York Times discussion about literary criticism and Twitter by Adam Kirsch and Anna Holmes, a passage by the former:

“At first glance, it seems that critics, in particular, should relish a tool like Twitter. Criticism is a kind of argument, and Twitter is excellent for arguing back and forth in public. Criticism is also a kind of reportage, and Twitter is an ideal way of breaking news. With many major events, from presidential debates to the Oscars, it is more informative and entertaining to follow them in real time on Twitter than it is to actually watch them. For all these reasons, journalists have been especially avid users of Twitter.

Critics, however, have been surprisingly reluctant to embrace the tweet. Many of the most prominent are not on Twitter at all. Those who are tend to use their feeds for updates on their daily lives, or to share links, or at most to recommend articles or books — that is, they use Twitter in the way everyone else does. What is hard to find on Twitter is any real practice of criticism, anything that resembles the sort of discourse that takes place in an essay or a review.

This absence, like the dog that didn’t bark in Sherlock Holmes, may be an important clue to the true nature of criticism. Never in history has it been easier than it is today to register one’s approval or disapproval of anything. The emblem of our age is the thumbs-up of the ‘like’ button. If criticism is nothing more than a drawn-out version of a thumbs-up or a thumbs-down, there’s no reason it shouldn’t be made obsolete by the retweet or the five-star Amazon review. Cut to the chase, the Internet demands, of critics and everyone else: Should we buy this thing or not?

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In time, we’ll all be enhanced–and not just our bodies. It won’t be cheating but improvement. Necessary even, for survival. From Anders Sandberg’s new Practical Ethics post about Transhumanism and performance enhancement:

“If we were to make a choice behind a veil of ignorance between a world where there was more talent to go around and a world with less talent, it seems that the reasonable choice is to choose the world of talent. We would probably also want to choose a world where talent was more equally distributed than one where it was less equal. But even the less talented people in a talented but unequal world could benefit from the greater prosperity and creativity.

In practice talent needs plenty of help to develop: without support and good teachers innate potential is unlikely to matter. So the ability to help kids develop their potential (and help them overcome their less able sides) is important for actualizing that talent. Without it none of the above worlds would be preferable. But figuring out how to cultivate and stimulate kids is hard. Hence, any information that could help do this better would be welcome.

So my basic stance is that if genetic information could personalize education well, go for it!

But… I am less convinced than the geneticists that we can actually do it, at least in the near future.”

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The opening of an NBC News update on Elon Musk’s Hyperloop, which identifies the team leaders and timeline for the project:

Prototypes of Elon Musk’s high-speed ‘Hyperloop’ transit will be ready by 2015, according to the group taking over development of the project. That’s just two years after Musk first described his idea to transport humans between cities in pods accelerated to near-supersonic speeds.

A newly created company, ‘Hyperloop Transportation Technologies,’ will lead the charge, its team leaders announced Thursday. They also published a project timeline for the next two years

Piloting the ship are Marco Villa, an ex-SpaceX man, and Patricia Galloway, who has served as CEO of a management consulting firm, presided over the American Society of Civil Engineers,and sat a term on the National Science Board under President George W. Bush. They are backed by JumpStarterFund, sort of a Kickstarter for startups, based in California.  

While the leadership of the company has been appointed in August 2013, the ranks have yet to be filled out. More than 160 aspiring Hyperloopers have turned in applications from the U.S., Europe, and Asia. They will receive stock options for contributing part-time or full-time work.”

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From the September 28, 1895 New York Times:

Rochester, N.Y.–James Foley of Wheatland is about to become the plaintiff in an unusually interesting case of law. The action is to be entitled James Foley vs. Philip C. Dickinson, and is to be for $5,000 damages for injuries to the plaintiff’s health, alleged to have been caused by drinking impure water purchased from the defendant.

The parties reside near each other on a farm, and Foley purchased his water supply from Dickinson for $12 per year. After using the water two years Foley experienced violent pains in his stomach. Medical aid was summoned and the doctors thought he had dyspepsia. 

Shortly afterward, while playing dominoes with his family one evening, a grunting sound was heard, which caused the children to jump and exclaim, ‘What’s that?’

Suddenly it dawned on Foley that he had swallowed some live thing while drinking the water. He came to the city and sought legal advice to-day, but no lawyer has been found yet who will take the case. Foley claims the animal inside him is a frog. He says that recently, while in church, the frog in his stomach sang and roared until it disturbed the meeting and he had to walk out of church.”

 

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The opening paragraph of an Economist article about research which aims to reduce the price of solar cells from manageable to microscopic:

“SOLAR cells were once a bespoke product, reserved for satellites and military use. In 1977 a watt of solar generating capacity cost $77. That has now come down to about 80 cents, and solar power is beginning to compete with the more expensive sort of conventionally generated electricity. If the price came down further, though, solar might really hit the big time—and that is the hope of Henry Snaith, of Oxford University, and his colleagues. As he described recently in Science, Dr Snaith plans to replace silicon, the material used to make most solar cells, with a substance called a perovskite. This, he believes, could cut the cost of a watt of solar generating capacity by three-quarters.”

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From a Foreign Affairs interview that Gideon Rose conducted with roboticist Sebastian Thrun, a passage about the subject’s triumph in a 2005 driverless-car competition in the Mojave Desert:

Question:

Why did your project end up working so well?

Sebastian Thrun:

Many of the people who participated in the race had a strong hardware focus, so a lot of teams ended up building their own robots. Our calculus was that this was not about the strength of the robot or the design of the chassis. Humans could drive those trails perfectly; it was not complicated off-road terrain. It was really just desert trails. So we decided it was purely a matter of artificial intelligence. All we had to do was put a computer inside the car, give it the appropriate eyes and ears, and make it smart.

In trying to make it smart, we found that driving is really governed not by two or three rules but by tens of thousands of rules. There are so many different contingencies. We had a day when birds were sitting on the road and flew up as our vehicle approached. And we learned that to a robot eye, a bird looks exactly the same as a rock. So we had to make the machine smart enough to distinguish birds from rocks.

In the end, we started relying on what we call machine learning, or big data. That is, instead of trying to program all these rules by hand, we taught our robot the same way we would teach a human driver. We would go into the desert, and I would drive, and the robot would watch me and try to emulate the behaviors involved. Or we would let the robot drive, and it would make a mistake, and we would go back to the data and explain to the robot why this was a mistake and give the robot a chance to adjust.

Question:

So you developed a robot that could learn?

Sebastian Thrun:

Yes. Our robot was learning. It was learning before the race, and it was learning in the race.”

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We make decisions, but sometimes it’s more accurate to say we realize them. A break occurs–sometimes physical, sometimes emotional, sometimes intellectual–and we know all of a sudden that we’re not the same. That nothing is. Walking away becomes the only sensible decision. Adrian Cardenas was a young major-league baseball player living the dream–except that it wasn’t his dream anymore. He just retired from–no, quit–the game he loved. From his story at the New Yorker blog:

“When you lose yourself in the game, as you must, it’s all too easy to lose your sense of home. It didn’t take long for me to see how it happens, as I became friends with players and heard about the relationships and marriages that broke up, the relatives and close friends who faded from view, the parents or grandparents whose funerals were missed because of an expected call up to the majors. Sometimes I’d stay awake through the night, almost laughing to myself, mentally weighing the small fraction of success against the overshadowing personal and professional failure that comes with being a ballplayer.

I came to realize that professional baseball players are masochists: hitters stand sixty feet and six inches from the mound, waiting to get hit by a pitcher’s bullets; fielders get sucker punched in the face by bad hops, and then ask for a hundred more. We all fail far more than we succeed, humiliating ourselves in front of tens of thousands of fans, trying to attain the unattainable: batting a thousand, pitching without ever losing, secretly seeking the immortality of the record books. In spite of the torments—the career-ending injuries, the demotions, the fear of getting ‘Wally Pipped—we keep rolling our baseball-shaped boulders up the impossible hill of the game, knowing we’ll never reach the top. Baseball is visceral, tragic, and absurd, with only fleeting moments of happiness; it may be the best representation of life. I was, and still am, in love with baseball. But I quit.”

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While normally you wouldn’t link candy and colonoscopies, an NPR story by Shankar Vendatam does just that in trying to explain the mystery of happiness. In a nod to Daniel Kahneman’s classic study about the painful medical procedure, researchers used Halloween candy to prove that satisfaction isn’t dependent just on quantity but also on order of experience. An excerpt:

“What makes trick-or-treaters happy is candy. And more candy is better, right?

Well, it turns out that might not actually be the case. A few years ago researchers did a study on Halloween night where some trick-or-treaters were given a candy bar, and others were given the candy bar and a piece of bubble gum.

Now, in any rational universe, you would imagine that the kids who got the candy bar and the bubble gum would be happier than the kids who got just the candy bar. George Wolford, a psychologist at Dartmouth College, and his fellow researchers, Amy Doe and Alexander Rupert, found something quite different.

‘Those children that got both the full-sized candy bar and the bubble gum second, rated how delighted they were to get these treats lower than those people that got the candy bar only,’ Wolford says.”

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Lou Reed, who certainly learned a thing or two about how to relentlessly sell his brand from his Pop Artist mentor Andy Warhol, could be mean and full of shit. But he was a great artist. Occasionally an awful one, but often great. From his Economist obituary, a passage about how difficult he made categorization:

“The man could be just as perplexing, and played it up. Was he really a badass city boy? In fact he came from the New York suburbs, and for two years—between leaving the Velvet Underground in 1970 and making his first solo albums, helped by David Bowie, in 1972—he worked as a typist in his father’s accountancy firm. Did he really take so many drugs? No, he didn’t take them at all (he blurrily told a circle of reporters at Sydney airport in 1974), but he thought everyone else should, because they were ‘better than Monopoly.’ Was he homosexual? He had a very public transvestite love affair once; in the mid-1970s he adopted leather jackets and short blonde curls; later he wore nail varnish and mascara. But there were heterosexual marriages too, paired with romantic songs.”

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Wristify is a watch-like tool from MIT that can moderate body temperature, reducing dependence on air conditioners and the huge amounts of electricity they consume. From Kyle Vanhemert at Wired:

“Wristify, as they call their device, is a thermoelectric bracelet that regulates the temperature of the person wearing it by subjecting their skin to alternating pulses of hot or cold, depending on what’s needed. The prototype recently won first place at this year’s MADMEC, an annual competition put on by the school’s Materials Science and Engineering program, netting the group a $10,000 prize, which they’ll use to continue its development. It’s a promising start to a clever approach that could help alleviate a serious energy crisis. But as Sam Shames, the MIT senior who helped invent the technology, explains, the team was motivated by a more prosaic problem: keeping everyone happy in a room where no one can agree where to set the thermostat.

 

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my deepest secrets.

i’m 18, male, saving for a new car. i don’t hold much in, so i’m offering my deepest darkest confessions for donation(s) of any amount. it’d be nice to help. i think i have some pretty interesting things to share.

"

“She had a great fear of mice ever since her childhood.”

Musophobia claimed a young victim in New Jersey, according to an article in the November 23, 1908 New York Times. The story:

Florence, N.J.--The sight of a tiny mouse which the family cat had caught in her home to-day frightened Miss Mary Isabel Mead to death. She had a great fear of mice ever since her childhood, and so great was her terror that she became ill, and died in a few moments.

Miss Mead had been playing the piano. Her mother, in the kitchen, had noticed that a mouse which had crawled out of its hole, was nibbling at edibles she had stored in the pantry. She immediately called the cat and put him ‘on the job.’ The cat scampered after the rodent and caught the mouse in its mouth. Then it began, pussy-like, to play with it. At this stage Miss Mead entered the kitchen, gayly humming a tune which she had been playing. Sitting down, she glanced under the table where the cat was still teasing the mouse before killing it. The girl’s mother, remembering her fears, tried to warn her, but was too late. With a shriek Miss Mead started up. Then, apparently losing control of her voice, she began trembling with fear. The mother carried her to a sofa and drove the cat out of sight.

In a few moments the girl complained to her mother of a pain in her heart. When Mrs. Mead returned from the medicine chest, where she had gone in the hope of getting something to relieve her, the daughter was dead. Mrs. Mead summoned a physician. He declared that the girl had died of fright. Valvular heart trouble caused by the sight of the mouse ended her life.

‘The girl was actually scared to death,’ said the physician. ‘Living, as she did, in mortal fear of mice, it is not strange that the sight of the creature in the cat’s mouth so terrified her. Her heart gave way under the incredible strain.’

Miss Mead was prominent in the social activities of the town.”

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When he wrote about the coming computer revolution of the 1970s at the outset of the decade in Of a Fire on the Moon, Norman Mailer couldn’t have known that the dropouts and the rebels would be leading the charge. An excerpt of his somewhat nightmarish view of our technological future, some parts of which came true and some still in the offing:

“Now they asked him what he thought of the Seventies. He did not know. He thought of the Seventies and a blank like the windowless walls of the computer city came over his vision. When he conducted interviews with himself on the subject it was not a despair he felt, or fear–it was anesthesia. He had no intimations of what was to come, and that was conceivably worse than any sentiment of dread, for a sense of the future, no matter how melancholy, was preferable to none–it spoke of some sense of the continuation in the projects of one’s life. He was adrift. If he tried to conceive of a likely perspective in the decade before him, he saw not one structure to society but two: if the social world did not break down into revolutions and counterrevolutions, into police and military rules of order with sabotage, guerrilla war and enclaves of resistance, if none of this occurred, then there certainly would be a society of reason, but its reason would be the logic of the computer. In that society, legally accepted drugs would become necessary for accelerated cerebration, there would be inchings toward nuclear installation, a monotony of architectures, a pollution of nature which would arouse technologies of decontamination odious as deodorants, and transplanted hearts monitored like spaceships–the patients might be obliged to live in a compound reminiscent of a Mission Control Center where technicians could monitor on consoles the beatings of a thousand transplanted hearts. But in the society of computer-logic, the atmosphere would obviously be plastic, air-conditioned, sealed in bubble-domes below the smog, a prelude to living on space stations. People would die in such societies like fish expiring on a vinyl floor. So of course there would be another society, an irrational society of dropouts, the saintly, the mad, the militant and the young. There the art of the absurd would reign in defiance against the computer.”

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Phil Plait at Slate pointing out the similarities and differences of our planet and Kepler-78b, the “another Earth” exoplanet discovered via space telescope:

“Kepler-78b, it turns out, has a mass of 1.7 times that of the Earth. That may sound like a lot, but remember, Kepler-78b is bigger, too. When you do the math, you find that its density is almost exactly the same as Earth’s!

This means Kepler-78b is most likely made of roughly the same stuff as Earth, and in roughly the same proportion. It may very well have a dense iron core and a lighter rocky mantle just as Earth does.

That’s amazing.

However, the resemblance ends there. With a daytime temperature in the thousands of degrees, the surface of the planet is almost certainly molten rock, so it’s not exactly a vacation spot. But it does show that the Earth is not a one-off planet; the Universe is quite capable of making Earth-sized planets that have the same physical characteristics as well.”

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Major League Baseball only makes a piece of its revenue from the World Series, so perhaps it’s time to take a little less network money to negotiate fewer commercial breaks and make the games of a more reasonable length. It also wouldn’t hurt if basic technology was introduced to enforce existing rules. Two things from the most recent chat by ESPN’s David Schoenfield follow (phrases made bold by me):

David Schoenfield:

The biggest problem in the postseason is the length of the commercial breaks. We have a guy here who is keeping track of the time on commercials — it’s almost two hours per game!

Jeff (St Cloud):

The length of games this world series has been excruciating, and I fear replay will only make it worse. The fact that it’s the same subpar commentators every game doesn’t make it any easier to watch. If I was commissioner, I would make all reviews come from and be decided on by the league office, much like they do in the NHL. And add a pitch clock. The ratings aren’t down so massively because of the teams or markets, it’s because it takes more time and mental effort than a bad Monday Night Football game.”

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